Regulation, privatisation and small-scale provider involvement

Supply-side systems-based approaches that aim to improve the functioning of the current service provider (e.g. improving accountability, oversight or regulation, capacity building and output-based aid), change ownership (e.g., privatisation or nationalisation of utilities, public-private partnerships), or encourage small-scale independent organisations, including non-profits, to become the providers of WASH facilities and services on a commercial basis (e.g., sanitation marketing)